VSCode C++ on WSL2 配置

一、安装wsl2（Windows11）

官方指导：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install

确保windwos版本：

Windows 10 version 2004 and higher (Build 19041 and higher) or Windows 11

以管理员运行：PowerShell as Administrator

wsl --install

注意： 上述命令适用于完全没安装过wsl的新机器。如果上述命令运行提示问题，先用 wsl --list --online 查询可安装的distros，wsl --install -d <DistroName> 指定一个distro安装。

以下为分步安装法（过时了！）：

管理员运行：PowerShell as Administrator

dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart

按下Win + R，调出"运行"窗口。输入指令appwiz.cpl，调出"启动或关闭 Windows 功能"，启动：
- windows虚拟机监控程序平台
- 适用于Linux的windows子系统
- 虚拟机平台
管理员运行：PowerShell as Administrator

dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart

下载安装package： WSL2 Linux kernel update package for x64 machines
管理员运行：PowerShell as Administrator

wsl --set-default-version 2

检查安装是否正确：管理员运行：PowerShell as Administrator

wsl --list --verbose

安装后

Windows更新，高级选项中开启"接收其他windows产品的更新"。
管理员运行：PowerShell as Administrator
wsl --update 并 wsl --shutdown
Microsoft Store中安装Ubuntu和Windows Terminal
运行ubuntu设置管理员账号。
Windows中挂载wsl系统文件：\\wsl$

二、Ubuntu设置

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade

$ sudo apt-get install build-essential gdb cmake gcc
$ sudo apt-get install git sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libncurses-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libgsl-dev libatlas-base-dev

$ sudo apt-get install gedit

补充：后续更新Ubuntu大版本

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt dist-upgrade

$ sudo apt install update-manager-core    # 应该已经有了，不需安装

$ sudo vim /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades    # 修改Prompt=lts或者normal

$ sudo do-release-upgrade -d    # -d 代表可以安装development release

$ lsb_release -a    # 检查版本

三、VSCode安装和设置

安装：官网：https://code.visualstudio.com/
运行，提示发现wsl，安装remote-wsl插件
Ubuntu新建项目文件夹并运行：

$ cd ~
$ mkdir VSCodeProjects
$ cd VSCodeProjects
$ mkdir test
$ cd test
$ code .

注意vscode左下角，显示”><WSL:Ubuntu“，在此状态下安装插件。
插件：

Local：

Better C++ Syntax
C/C++ Themes
TODO Highlight
WSL（此时应该已经安装，且带星显示）

WSL：

C/C++
C++ Extension Pack
indent-rainbow
Markdown Preview Github
GitHub Copilot
GitHub Copilot Chat

四、VSCode的使用

（一）配置文件

VS Code provides two different scopes for settings:

User Settings - Settings that apply globally to any instance of VS Code you open.
Workspace Settings - Settings stored inside your workspace and only apply when the workspace is opened.
注意：Workspace settings override user settings.

（二）常用快捷键

（官方常用快捷键pdf：Windows版本；Mac版本；Linux版本）

Command Palette：Access all available commands based on your current context.

Keyboard Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+p

集成的Terminal： Ctrl+`
显示/隐藏Sidebar：Ctrl+b
显示/隐藏Panel：Ctrl+j
切换editors：Ctrl+1, Ctrl+2, Ctrl+3
Go to Symbol in File

Keyboard Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+o
(group the symbols by kind) @:

Go to Symbol in Workspace

Keyboard Shortcut: Ctrl+t

Select current line：Ctrl+l
Multi cursor：mouse select

Keyboard Shortcut: Alt+Click

Multi cursor：add additional cursors to all occurrences of the current selection with

Keyboard Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+l

Fast scrolling：5X speed multiplier：Pressing the Alt key
Move line up and down：Alt+Up or Alt+Down
Go to Definition定义

Select a symbol then type F12.
Ctrl+click

跳转后返回：Alt+左
Peek窥视定义

鼠标悬停按住Ctrl
Select a symbol then type Alt+F12

Go to Implementation

Select a symbol then type Ctrl+F12

Go to References

Select a symbol then type Shift+F12

Show All References List of All Files in Project

Select a symbol then type Shift+Alt+F12

Find and Replace in File：Ctrl+f
Search across files：Ctrl+Shift+f
Markdown Preview（.md file）：Ctrl+Shift+v （再拖拽分屏）

（三）settings.json范例

2024-02-23 (VSCode1.86.2)

{
    "update.mode": "manual",
    "telemetry.telemetryLevel": "off",
    "remote.downloadExtensionsLocally": true,
    "window.confirmBeforeClose": "always",
    "window.autoDetectHighContrast": false,
    "window.commandCenter": false,

    "files.autoGuessEncoding": true,
    "files.hotExit": "off",
    "files.insertFinalNewline": true,
    "files.trimTrailingWhitespace": true,
    "workbench.editor.highlightModifiedTabs": true,
    "workbench.editor.openPositioning": "last",
    "workbench.experimental.cloudChanges.autoStore": "onShutdown",
    "workbench.sideBar.location": "right",
    "workbench.list.smoothScrolling": true,
    "workbench.activityBar.location": "top",
    "workbench.tree.enableStickyScroll": true,
    "workbench.colorTheme": "Visual Studio 2017 Light - C++",
    "workbench.colorCustomizations": {
        "statusBar.background": "#dedede",
        "statusBar.foreground": "#757575",
        "activityBar.background": "#dedede",
        "activityBar.foreground": "#757575",
        "statusBarItem.remoteBackground": "#ffffff",
        "statusBarItem.remoteForeground": "#017717",

        "terminal.background":"#FFFFFF",
        "terminal.foreground":"#4D4D4C",
        "terminalCursor.background":"#4D4D4C",
        "terminalCursor.foreground":"#4D4D4C",
        "terminal.ansiBlack":"#FFFFFF",
        "terminal.ansiBlue":"#4271AE",
        "terminal.ansiBrightBlack":"#8E908C",
        "terminal.ansiBrightBlue":"#4271AE",
        "terminal.ansiBrightCyan":"#3E999F",
        "terminal.ansiBrightGreen":"#718C00",
        "terminal.ansiBrightMagenta":"#8959A8",
        "terminal.ansiBrightRed":"#C82829",
        "terminal.ansiBrightWhite":"#1D1F21",
        "terminal.ansiBrightYellow":"#EAB700",
        "terminal.ansiCyan":"#3E999F",
        "terminal.ansiGreen":"#718C00",
        "terminal.ansiMagenta":"#8959A8",
        "terminal.ansiRed":"#C82829",
        "terminal.ansiWhite":"#4D4D4C",
        "terminal.ansiYellow":"#EAB700"
    },

    "editor.fontFamily": "'Ubuntu Mono derivative Powerline'",
    "editor.fontSize": 16,
    // "editor.inlineSuggest.enabled": true,
    // "editor.inlineCompletionsAccessibilityVerbose": true,
    "editor.detectIndentation": false,
    "editor.renderWhitespace": "trailing",
    "editor.copyWithSyntaxHighlighting": false,
    "editor.dropIntoEditor.enabled": false,
    "editor.multiCursorLimit": 50,
    "editor.renderLineHighlight": "all",
    "editor.scrollbar.horizontal": "hidden",
    "editor.smartSelect.selectLeadingAndTrailingWhitespace": false,
    "editor.cursorWidth": 2,
    "editor.find.cursorMoveOnType": false,
    "editor.suggestSelection": "recentlyUsedByPrefix",
    "editor.unicodeHighlight.nonBasicASCII": false,
    "editor.largeFileOptimizations": false,
    "editor.links": false,
    "editor.lineNumbers": "off",
    "editor.smoothScrolling": true,
    "editor.scrollbar.verticalScrollbarSize": 6,
    "editor.minimap.showSlider": "always",
    "editor.minimap.size": "fit",
    "editor.minimap.maxColumn": 60,
    "editor.suggest.preview": true,
    "editor.quickSuggestions": {
        "strings": "on"
    },
    "editor.wordBasedSuggestions": "off",
    "editor.acceptSuggestionOnEnter": "off",
    "editor.tabCompletion": "on",
    "editor.formatOnType": false,
    "editor.formatOnPaste": false,
    "editor.scrollBeyondLastLine": false,
    "editor.stickyTabStops": true,
    "editor.rulers": [80],
    "editor.bracketPairColorization.independentColorPoolPerBracketType": true,
    "editor.definitionLinkOpensInPeek": true,
    "editor.foldingMaximumRegions": 500,
    "editor.accessibilityPageSize": 500,
    "editor.dragAndDrop": false,
    "editor.guides.bracketPairs": true,
    "editor.occurrencesHighlight": "multiFile",
    "editor.suggest.shareSuggestSelections": true,
    "editor.suggest.localityBonus": true,
    "editor.mouseWheelZoom": true,

    "explorer.enableDragAndDrop": false,
    "problems.showCurrentInStatus": true,
    "search.smartCase": true,
    "search.useParentIgnoreFiles": true,

    "zenMode.hideStatusBar": false,
    "zenMode.silentNotifications": false,

    "terminal.external.windowsExec": "wt.exe",
    "terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.linux": "bash",
    "terminal.integrated.shellIntegration.enabled": true,
    "terminal.integrated.scrollback": 5000,
    "terminal.integrated.copyOnSelection": true,
    "terminal.integrated.altClickMovesCursor": false,

    "todohighlight.isEnable": true,
    "todohighlight.include": [
        "**/*.h",
        "**/*.cpp",
        "**/*.c",
        "**/*.json",
    ],
    "todohighlight.keywords": [
        "TODO",
        " todo",
        "//todo",
        "// todo",
        " LATER",
        " later",
        " FIX",
        " fix",
    ],
    "indentRainbow.ignoreLinePatterns": [
        "/[ \t]* [*]/g",
        "/[ \t]+[/]{2}/g"
    ],

    "C_Cpp.default.intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
    "C_Cpp.default.cppStandard": "gnu++20",
    "C_Cpp.default.cStandard": "gnu17",
    "C_Cpp.experimentalFeatures": "enabled",
    "C_Cpp.inlayHints.referenceOperator.enabled": true,
    "C_Cpp.inlayHints.referenceOperator.showSpace": true,
    "C_Cpp.inlayHints.parameterNames.hideLeadingUnderscores": false,
    "C_Cpp.autocompleteAddParentheses": true,
    "C_Cpp.clang_format_style": "{ BasedOnStyle: Google, IndentWidth: 4, ColumnLimit: 0}",
    "C_Cpp.clang_format_fallbackStyle": "{ BasedOnStyle: Google, IndentWidth: 4, ColumnLimit: 0}",
    "C_Cpp.formatting": "vcFormat",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.wrap.preserveBlocks": "allOneLineScopes",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.indent.braces": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.indent.caseContentsWhenBlock": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.indent.preserveComments": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.indent.caseLabels": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.indent.preserveWithinParentheses": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.indent.lambdaBracesWhenParameter": false,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.indent.namespaceContents": false,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeElse": false,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.block": "newLine",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.function": "sameLine",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.lambda": "sameLine",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.namespace": "sameLine",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.type": "sameLine",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeWhileInDoWhile": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.closeBraceSameLine.emptyFunction": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.closeBraceSameLine.emptyType": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.scopeBracesOnSeparateLines": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.space.afterCastCloseParenthesis": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.space.withinCastParentheses": true,
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.space.aroundAssignmentOperator": "ignore",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.space.aroundBinaryOperator": "ignore",
    "C_Cpp.vcFormat.space.aroundTernaryOperator": "ignore",
    "C_Cpp.codeAnalysis.runAutomatically": true,
    "C_Cpp.codeAnalysis.clangTidy.enabled": true,
    "C_Cpp.codeAnalysis.clangTidy.useBuildPath": true,
    "C_Cpp.codeAnalysis.clangTidy.codeAction.showClear": "None",
    "C_Cpp.codeAnalysis.clangTidy.codeAction.showDisable": false,
    "C_Cpp.codeAnalysis.updateDelay": 100,
    "C_Cpp.intelliSenseUpdateDelay": 1000,
    "C_Cpp.doxygen.generatedStyle": "//!",
    "C_Cpp.loggingLevel": "Warning",

    "git.enableSmartCommit": true,
    "git.openRepositoryInParentFolders": "always",

    "scm.alwaysShowRepositories": true,
    "cmake.configureOnOpen": true,
    "github.copilot.chat.localeOverride": "en",
    "security.workspace.trust.untrustedFiles": "newWindow",

    // "http.proxy": "http://172.24.16.1:7890",
}

最后修改于 2024-02-22